IFOB Publication No. 8 - October 20, 2020
All rights reserved. Displaying parts and images of this article on other websites and in printed papers are only allowed after permission and with crediting the author and our website. For republishing inquiries, please contact us at: info@ifobookmarks.org
All rights reserved. Displaying parts and images of this article on other websites and in printed papers are only allowed after permission and with crediting the author and our website. For republishing inquiries, please contact us at: info@ifobookmarks.org
Charting the Course of Celluloid Bookmarks
by Laine Farley with contributions by L. Stewart Barr
This article on celluloid bookmarks made primarily by U.S. companies is 80 pages long with 350 illustrations, and is offered for download as a .pdf file. (41.6 MB). The Table of Contents indicates what is covered.
by Laine Farley with contributions by L. Stewart Barr
This article on celluloid bookmarks made primarily by U.S. companies is 80 pages long with 350 illustrations, and is offered for download as a .pdf file. (41.6 MB). The Table of Contents indicates what is covered.
Preface............................................................................................................................... 2
A note about images................................................................................................ 2
Introduction.................................................................................................................... .3
Origins of Celluloid.................................................................................................... 3
Chronology of Manufacturers of Celluloid Bookmarks............... ..4
Sales Samples..........................................................................................................4
Two Important Manufacturers........................................................................... 5
Baldwin and Gleason – Pioneers............................................................. .5
Whitehead & Hoag – Prolific Producers.............................................. 8
Dating Whitehead & Hoag Bookmarks......................................... 9
About hearts.................................................................................................... 10
Whitehead & Hoag Designs................................................................. 15
Whitehead & Hoag Sponsored Series......................................... 22
Scarce and Unique Whitehead & Hoag Designs..................36
Whitehead & Hoag Sales Samples..................................................47
Other Manufacturers............................................................................................... 50
Charles Galle.......................................................................................................... 50
Baltimore Badge and Novelty Company.......................................... 51
Bastian Brothers Company.......................................................................... 54
The Meek Company......................................................................................... .56
American Art Works......................................................................................... .57
J.B. Carroll Company....................................................................................... ..60
Cruver Manufacture Company................................................................ ..61
Brown & Bigelow Company..........................................................................63
Parisian Novelty Company......................................................................... ..63
Ehrman Manufacturing Company........................................................ ..65
Jobbers and Religious Publishers....................................................... ...66
David C. Cook Publishing.................................................................... ...66
Allan Sutherland............................................................................................70
Westminster Press................................................................................... ...72
Other Miscellaneous Manufacturers................................................ ...77
H J Aluminum.............................................................................................. ...77
A. J. Keil............................................................................................................. ...77
Smith d’Entremont & Co., Ltd........................................................... ..78
Conclusion................................................................................................................... ..80
A note about images................................................................................................ 2
Introduction.................................................................................................................... .3
Origins of Celluloid.................................................................................................... 3
Chronology of Manufacturers of Celluloid Bookmarks............... ..4
Sales Samples..........................................................................................................4
Two Important Manufacturers........................................................................... 5
Baldwin and Gleason – Pioneers............................................................. .5
Whitehead & Hoag – Prolific Producers.............................................. 8
Dating Whitehead & Hoag Bookmarks......................................... 9
About hearts.................................................................................................... 10
Whitehead & Hoag Designs................................................................. 15
Whitehead & Hoag Sponsored Series......................................... 22
Scarce and Unique Whitehead & Hoag Designs..................36
Whitehead & Hoag Sales Samples..................................................47
Other Manufacturers............................................................................................... 50
Charles Galle.......................................................................................................... 50
Baltimore Badge and Novelty Company.......................................... 51
Bastian Brothers Company.......................................................................... 54
The Meek Company......................................................................................... .56
American Art Works......................................................................................... .57
J.B. Carroll Company....................................................................................... ..60
Cruver Manufacture Company................................................................ ..61
Brown & Bigelow Company..........................................................................63
Parisian Novelty Company......................................................................... ..63
Ehrman Manufacturing Company........................................................ ..65
Jobbers and Religious Publishers....................................................... ...66
David C. Cook Publishing.................................................................... ...66
Allan Sutherland............................................................................................70
Westminster Press................................................................................... ...72
Other Miscellaneous Manufacturers................................................ ...77
H J Aluminum.............................................................................................. ...77
A. J. Keil............................................................................................................. ...77
Smith d’Entremont & Co., Ltd........................................................... ..78
Conclusion................................................................................................................... ..80
Note: If examples or new information are found, they will be added here until a new, updated version can be created. These additions are listed in order of the page numbers they reference. Please send any comments or examples you may find!
Whitehead & Hoag heart for Coca-Cola, p. 10, fig. 14-16: Another heart for 1896 was discovered, Was it part of the same series of opera stars from 1897-1900? It is presumably by W&H but is not marked. A nice photo of the four framed together suggests they were part of the same series, but the 1897 version has not been found although Barr mentioned it (note dates for fig. 14, 1900; fig. 15, 1899; fig. 16, 1898). Also there are two versions of the 1896, one with text on the front and a blank back and the other with text on one side and the woman on the other.
Added 20 November 2020
1896 Whitehead & Hoag Coca-Cola heart with blank back
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1896 Whitehead & Hoag Coca-Cola heart, front of two-sided version
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1896 Whitehead & Hoag Coca-Cola heart, back of two-sided version
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Bastian heart for Cunningham Pianos, p. 12: Adding to the makers of the heart with forget-me-nots is a Bastian version similar to the to the American Art Works design, fig. 24, but with a different piano on the back. For completeness, here is the Meek heart for Cunningham Pianos that is identical to the American Art Works design, also mentioned on p. 12.
Added 13 November 2020
Added 13 November 2020
Cunningham Pianos heart by Bastian
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Cunningham Pianos heart by Bastian, back
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Cunningham Pianos heart by Meek
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Cunningham Pianos heart by Meek, back
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Meek heart for Morrell's p. 12. Fig. 26 shows the same design by Whitehead & Hoag, yet another example of the two companies using the same design for the same company.
Added 17 November 2020 |
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Unmarked heart for A. H. Peloubet, New York, advertising Royal Mocha Coffee: another interesting example of a heart with no maker's name to add to the group on p. 13, fig. 28-31. Peloubet was advertising their Royal Mocha Coffee as early as 1895.
Added 21 November 2020 |
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Reading owl with no shaft for Coca-Cola by Whitehead & Hoag
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Whitehead & Hoag reading owl for Coca-Cola: p. 16-17, fig. 38-40, mentioned as example with no shaft but not illustrated; also mentioned on p. 22 as part of sponsored series by Coca-Cola.
Note that there is also a good paper facsimile of this design with text on the back giving the original size and date, but not the maker, even though it is clearly marked. Added 13 November 2020 |
Reading owl with no shaft for Coca-Cola by Whitehead & Hoag - back.
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Paper card of reading owl for Coca-Cola, 1994
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Reverse of paper card of reading owl for Coca-Cola, 1994
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Holly design for Kodak by Whitehead & Hoag
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Whitehead & Hoag holly for Kodak: two more examples of this scarce design were found. The article states that the only known version was from the Hoskins series. p. 21, fig. 70 and p. 32-33, fig. 140. The Kodak example was overlooked from a group auction. A third example with a verse from Luke II was also found. Could it have been produced for one of the religious publishers, such as David Cook? Added 15 November 2020 |
Holly with verse from Luke II by Whitehead & Hoag
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Holly with verse from Luke II by Whitehead & Hoag - back showing heart page flap
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Whitehead & Hoag pansy for Libby's at the Pan American Exposition, 1901. p. 22, fig. 72. This design variant features the addition of a stem appearing to poke through the shaft on the left side. It is otherwise identical to the original W&H pansy except there is no maker's mark.
A paper example of the same design with the stem was also made. It is often difficult to tell the difference in photos, although the paper copy will sometimes have slight bends or edge marks.
Added 17 November 2020
A paper example of the same design with the stem was also made. It is often difficult to tell the difference in photos, although the paper copy will sometimes have slight bends or edge marks.
Added 17 November 2020
Libby's pansy with a stem for Pan American Exposition; no maker.
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Libby's pansy with a stem for Pan American Exposition; no maker. - back
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Libby's pansy with a stem for Pan American Exposition; no maker - paper version.
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Libby's pansy with a stem for Pan American Exposition; no maker - paper version. - back
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Carnation Lewis & Clark Exposition by Meek
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Meek carnation for Carnation, Lewis & Clark Exposition, 1905. p. 23, fig. 78. An undamaged example was located and Meek was confirmed as the maker in very tiny letters below the right side of the can.
Hammond carnation, Beatitudes: Another carnation appeared with a new religious publisher. Note that this design is different from Meek's as well as the versions used by Whitehead & Hoag, Pulver (p. 52, fig. 221), and Ehrman (p. 65, fig. 280). The design is flipped and does not have the illusion of the stem poking through the shaft; the page flap is also different from the other versions.
Added 13 November 2020 |
Beatitudes carnation by Hammond Publishing Co.
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Whitehead & Hoag shield for Royal Insurance Company, New York: This apparently unique design could be added on p. 45 after fig. 189-190 for Metropolitan Life Insurance. It is very different in shape and colors from the RWB shield cited on p. 13, fig. 32 and p. 32-33, fig. 143.
Added 21 November 2020 |
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Whitehead & Hoag two birds sales sample provides a clearer image and a slight variation of the one on p. 47, fig. 201. . This version has a copyright statement of 1903 curved around a leaf below the larger bird.
Whitehead & Hoag red rose sales sample adds a different but more common red rose to the one on p. 48, fig. 204. It has a different tag line of "Makers of Low Price Advertising Novelties with Merit", a variation on the phrase "High Grade Advertising Novelties with Merit" found on the carnation example, p. 47, fig. 204 for the London office
Added 5 December 2020 |
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Pond lily for Pilsener by American Art Works
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American Art Works pond lily for Pilsener, is a new design that can be added to their list on p. 57-60. This lily is different from the one by David Cook, p. 21, fig. 68 and the one by Sutherland, p. 71, fig. 321 and Westminster, p. 72, fig. 327.
Added 13 November 2020 |
Pond lily for Pilsener by American Art Works - back
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Iris with Ten Commandments by Westminster Press
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Westminster Press iris with the Ten Commandments: this new design is different from the iris on p. 72, fig. 326, which appears to be plastic. Perhaps this iris is the original design from the ad in fig. 323. Only two of the designs are illustrated in the ad, so it's not possible to be sure, however.
Added 15 November 2020 |
Iris with Ten Commandments by Westminster Press - back
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